What it Takes to Image a Black Hole | ESO

What it Takes to Image a Black Hole | ESO

What does it take to capture an image of the black hole at the center of our galaxy? This video explains how the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) works, and how astronomers managed to create one massive Earth-sized telescope big enough to “see” at the edge of black holes.

Credit: European Southern Observatory (ESO)

Directed by: Martin Wallner and Herbert Zodet.

Editing : Herbert Zodet and Martin Wallner.

Web and technical support: Gurvan Bazin and Raquel Yumi Shida.

Written by: Martin Wallner, Giulio Mazzolo and Bárbara Ferreira.

Narration: Colin Griffiths-Brown.

Music: Stellardrone — Ethereal/Open Cluster and Azul Cobalto 

Footage and photos: ESO, EHT Collaboration, ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO), L. Calçada, M. Kornmesser, Nick Risinger ( skysurvey.org ), Digitized Sky Survey 2, VISTA, VVV Survey/D. Minniti DSS, Nogueras-Lara et al., Schoedel, NACO, GRAVITY Collaboration, NASA, ESA/Hubble, RadioAstron, De Gasperin et al., Kim et al., mediomix, IRAM/Diverticimes/Cinedia, Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, BlackHoleCam/Radboud University/Jordy Davelaar et al ./Cristian Afker/Cafker Productions, M. Moscibrodzka, Glen Petitpas/SMA, H. Zodet, C. Malin ( christophmalin.com ), LMT/INAOE Archive, Thalia Traianou (Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy), Space Engine ( spaceengine.org ), William Montgomerie/JCMT/EAO, Robert Schwarz ( www.antarctic-adventures.de ), Nicolle R. Fuller/NSF, SMT/University of Arizona by Bob Demers /©2019 Arizona Board of Regents, Junhan Kim (Department of Astronomy and Steward Observatory, University of Arizona) and B. Tafreshi ( twanight.org )

Scientific consultant: Paola Amico

Duration: 7 minutes

Release Date: May 12, 2022

#NASA #NSF #ESO #Space #Astronomy #BlackHole #SagittariusA #SgrA #Galaxy #MilkyWay #Astrophysics #Physics #Cosmos #Universe #EventHorizonTelescope #EHT #VLT #Telescope #STEM #Education #HD #Video

Zoom into Black Hole at the Center of Our Milky Way Galaxy | ESO

Zoom into Black Hole at the Center of Our Milky Way Galaxy | ESO

Watch as this video sequence zooms into the black hole (Sgr A*) at the centre of our galaxy. Beginning with a broad view of the Milky Way, we dive into the dense clouds of gas and dust at our galactic center. The stars here have been observed with the European Southern Observatory’s Very Large Telescope and ESO’s Very Large Telescope Interferometer for decades, the black hole’s immense gravitational pull distorting the orbits of the stars closest to it.  Finally, we arrive at Sgr A*, the first image of which has been captured by the EHT collaboration. The black hole is shown by a dark central region called a shadow, surrounded by a ring of luminous gas and dust. 

The various observations used here were taken at different times, by different teams and with different facilities, and put together for the purpose of the zoom effect. The images go from visible wavelengths at the beginning to infrared, with the very final image being taken at radio wavelengths.

Credit:

ESO/L. Calçada, N. Risinger (skysurvey.org), DSS, VISTA, VVV Survey/D. Minniti DSS, Nogueras-Lara et al., Schoedel, NACO, GRAVITY Collaboration, EHT Collaboration (Music: Azul Cobalto)

Duration: 52 seconds

Release Date: May 12, 2022

#NASA #NSF #ESO #Space #Astronomy #BlackHole #SagittariusA #SgrA #Galaxy #MilkyWay #Astrophysics #Physics #Cosmos #Universe #EventHorizonTelescope #EHT #VLT #Telescope #STEM #Education #HD #Video

First Image of Black Hole at Center of Milky Way Galaxy | Event Horizon Telescope

First Image of Black Hole at Center of Milky Way Galaxy | Event Horizon Telescope

This is the first image of Sagittarius A*, or Sgr A*, the supermassive black hole at the center of our galaxy. It is the first direct visual evidence of the presence of this black hole. It was captured by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), an array which links together eight existing radio observatories across the planet to form a single Earth-sized virtual telescope. The telescope is named after the "event horizon", the boundary of the black hole beyond which no light can escape.

Although we cannot see the event horizon itself, because it cannot emit light, glowing gas orbiting around the black hole reveals a telltale signature: a dark central region, called a "shadow," surrounded by a bright ring-like structure. The new view captures light bent by the powerful gravity of the black hole, which is 4 million times more massive than our sun. The image of the Sgr A* black hole is an average of the different images that the EHT Collaboration has extracted from its 2017 observations.

Learn more here: 

https://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=305148

Credit: Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration

Release Date: May 12, 2022

#NASA #NSF #Space #Astronomy #BlackHole #SagittariusA #SgrA #Galaxy #MilkyWay #Astrophysics #Physics #Cosmos #Universe  #EventHorizonTelescope #EHT #STEM #Education

European Robotic Arm Installed by Russian Cosmonauts | International Space Station

European Robotic Arm Installed by Russian Cosmonauts | International Space Station

The European robotic arm (ERA) is pictured extending out from the Nauka multipurpose laboratory module during a mobility test several days after Roscosmos cosmonauts Oleg Artemyev and Denis Matveev activated the ERA during a seven-hour and 42-minute spacewalk.

The European Robotic Arm (ERA) successfully made its first moves in orbit during the 250th spacewalk to upgrade the International Space Station (ISS).

Two spacewalkers worked outside the orbiting lab for 7 hours and 42 minutes on April 28, 2022. Russian cosmonauts Oleg Artemyev and Denis Matveev removed thermal blankets and then unlocked the robotic arm.

The duo released the launch locks that held the arm in its folded configuration for the journey to space last year. Inside the International Space Station, crewmate Sergey Korsakov monitored the first commanded movements of the robotic arm.

The robotic arm brings new ways of operating automated machines to the orbital complex. ERA has the ability to perform many tasks automatically or semi-automatically, can be directed either from inside or outside the ISS, and it can be controlled in real time or preprogrammed.

The International Space Station already has two robotic arms—Canadian and Japanese robots play a crucial role in berthing spacecraft and transferring payloads and astronauts.

ERA is the first robot capable of ‘walking’ around the Russian parts of the orbital complex. It can handle components up to 8000kg with 5mm precision, and it will transport astronauts from one working site to another.

More information about the European Robotic Arm: https://bit.ly/3PdQibl

An international partnership of space agencies provides and operates the elements of the International Space Station (ISS). The principals are the space agencies of the United States, Russia, Europe, Japan, and Canada. The ISS has been the most politically complex space exploration program ever undertaken.

Credit: NASA's Johnson Space Center (JSC)

Image Date: May 5, 2022

#NASA #Space #ISS #Earth #ESA #Roscosmos #Cosmonauts #OlegArtemyev #DenisMatveev #EVA #Spacewalk #Soyuz #Союз #Robotics #RoboticArm #Europe #Nauka #Laboratory #SoyuzMS21 #Prichal #Docking #Роскосмос #Russia #Россия #JSC #UnitedStates #Expedition67 #International #Cooperation #UNOOSA #STEM #Education

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-3 Talks with Media Post-Mission

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-3 Talks with Media Post-Mission

NASA astronauts Kayla Barron, Raja Chari and Tom Marshburn, as well as ESA astronaut Matthias Maurer of NASA’s SpaceX Crew-3 mission, answered questions about their recent mission aboard the International Space Station during a post-splashdown news conference on Wednesday, May 11, 2022. They returned to Earth in a parachute-assisted splashdown in SpaceX’s Crew Dragon spacecraft Endurance on Friday, May 6, off the coast of Florida after a 177-day space mission. During their science expedition aboard the International Space Station, the Crew-3 astronauts conducted experiments, including a study on concrete hardening in microgravity, research on cotton varieties that could help develop drought-resistant plants, and executed a space archaeology study that could provide information that contributes to the design of future space habitats. 

NASA Astronaut Kayla Barron Official Biography

https://www.nasa.gov/astronauts/biographies/kayla-barron/biography

NASA Astronaut Raja Chari Official Biography

https://www.nasa.gov/content/astronaut-raja-chari/

NASA Astronaut Tom Marshburn Offical NASA Biography

https://www.nasa.gov/astronauts/biographies/thomas-h-marshburn/biography

ESA Astronaut Matthias Maurer Official Biography

https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Human_and_Robotic_Exploration/Astronauts/Matthias_Maurer

An international partnership of space agencies provides and operates the elements of the International Space Station (ISS). The principals are the space agencies of the United States, Russia, Europe, Japan, and Canada. The ISS has been the most politically complex space exploration program ever undertaken.

Credit: NASA Video

Duration: 25 minutes

Release Date: May 11, 2022

#NASA #ESA #ISS #SpaceX #Endurance #Crew3 #Spacecraft #Earth #Astronauts #KaylaBarron #RajaChari #TomMarshburn #MattheusMaurer #Germany #Deutschland #FlightEngineers #HumanSpaceflight #Science #Technology #Research #Europe #UnitedStates #STEM #Education #HD #Video

SWOT: NASA-CNES Satellite to Survey the World's Water—Mission Overview

SWOT: NASA-CNES Satellite to Survey the World's Water—Mission Overview

NASA and CNES (French Space Agency) are collaborating to make the first global survey of Earth's surface fresh water and study fine-scale ocean currents with a new mission called SWOT, or Surface Water and Ocean Topography. SWOT will collect data on the height of Earth’s salt and fresh water—including oceans, lakes, and rivers—enabling researchers to track the location of water over time, which will help measure the effects of climate change.

 SWOT is expected to launch from Vandenberg Space Force Base in central California in November 2022.

SWOT is a collaboration between NASA and the French space agency Centre National d’Etudes Spatial (CNES), with contributions from the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) and United Kingdom Space Agency (UK Space Agency). 

To learn more about the mission, visit: https://swot.jpl.nasa.gov/

Credit:  NASA/JPL-Caltech/CNES/Thales Alenia Space

Duration: 2 minutes, 38 seconds

Release Date: May 11, 2022

#NASA #CNES #Space #Earth #Planet #Satellite #EarthObservation #Oceans #Rivers #SaltWater #FreshWater #SWOT #Topography #Climate #ClimateChange #GlobalWarming #International #CSA #UKSpaceAgency #Canada #UK #France #JPL #Caltech #UnitedStates #STEM #Education #HD #Video

Earth from Orbit: First Imagery from New GOES-18 Weather Satellite | NOAA

Earth from Orbit: First Imagery from New GOES-18 Weather Satellite | NOAA

On May 11, 2022, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) shared the first images of the Western Hemisphere from its new GOES-18 satellite. The satellite’s Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) instrument recently captured stunning views of Earth.

GOES-18, NOAA’s newest geostationary satellite, launched on March 1, 2022. The ABI views Earth with sixteen different channels, each measuring energy at different wavelengths along the electromagnetic spectrum to obtain information about Earth’s atmosphere, land, and ocean.

GOES-18 orbits 22,236 miles above the equator at the same speed the Earth rotates. This allows the satellite to constantly view the same area of the planet and track weather conditions and hazards as they happen. 

The ABI provides high-resolution imagery and atmospheric measurements for short-term forecasts and severe weather warnings. ABI data is also used for detecting and monitoring environmental hazards such as wildfires, dust storms, volcanic eruptions, turbulence, and fog.

Data from multiple ABI channels can be combined to create imagery that approximates what the human eye would see from space—a result known as GeoColor. Combining data from different channels in different ways also allows meteorologists to highlight features of interest.

Recently, GOES-18 observed a number of weather events, environmental phenomena, and striking views of our planet. Storms across east Texas produced large hail, strong wind gusts, and tornadoes. Farther west in New Mexico, strong winds resulted in large areas of blowing dust and expansion of large wildfires. Fog blanketed parts of Chile in South America, and clouds and some thunderstorms formed along sea breezes in the Yucatan and south Florida. 

GOES-18 is currently undergoing post-launch testing, validation and calibration of its instruments and systems to prepare it for operations. The ABI cooling system is performing well, with no signs of the issue that affects its sister satellite, GOES-17. The ABI was redesigned for GOES-18 to reduce the likelihood of future cooling system anomalies. The new design uses a simpler hardware configuration that eliminates the filters that are susceptible to debris. 

GOES-18 will assist GOES-17 with GOES West operations in late summer 2022 and again in early fall. NOAA plans for GOES-18 to replace GOES-17 as GOES West in early 2023. Imagery from GOES-18 during the post-launch testing phase should be considered preliminary and non-operational.

Credit: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)

Duration: 2 minutes

Release Date: May 11, 2022

#NASA #NOAA #Earth #Science #Space #Satellite #Geostationary #Weather #Meteorology #Climate #ClimateChange #GlobalWarming #GOES #GOEST #GOES18 #ABI #Geocolor #Goddard #GSFC #UnitedStates #STEM #Education #Pacific #Ocean #Mexico #CentralAmerica #HD #Video

NASA's SpaceX Crew-3 Dragon Undocking | International Space Station

NASA's SpaceX Crew-3 Dragon Undocking | International Space Station

The SpaceX Dragon Endurance crew ship carrying four Crew 3 astronauts back to Earth is pictured from a window on the International Space Station following its undocking from the Harmony module's forward port. Crew 3 Commander Raja Chari led Pilot Tom Marshburn and Mission Specialists Kayla Barron and Matthias Maurer inside Endurance as they reentered Earth's atmosphere and parachuted to a splashdown in the Gulf of Mexico off the coast of Tampa, Florida, United States, the following day.

An international partnership of space agencies provides and operates the elements of the International Space Station (ISS). The principals are the space agencies of the United States, Russia, Europe, Japan, and Canada. The ISS has been the most politically complex space exploration program ever undertaken.

Credit: NASA's Johnson Space Center (JSC)

Image Date: May 5, 2022 

#NASA #ESA #ISS #SpaceX #Endurance #Crew3 #Spacecraft #Earth #Astronauts #KaylaBarron #RajaChari #TomMarshburn #MattheusMaurer #Germany #Deutschland #FlightEngineers #HumanSpaceflight #Science #Technology #Research #Europe #UnitedStates #STEM #Education

Experience Boeing Starliner's Rocket Rollout | NASA Kennedy

Experience Boeing Starliner's Rocket Rollout | NASA Kennedy

Experience rollout from the Starliner spacecraft's perspective with this time lapse video of Starliner making the journey from our Commercial Crew & Cargo Processing Facility at NASA's Kennedy Space Center to United Launch Alliance's Vertical Integration Facility at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida. The Starliner was secured atop a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket for Boeing’s second Orbital Flight Test (OFT-2) to the International Space Station for NASA’s Commercial Crew Program (CCP).

Stay tuned for all dynamic phases of Starliner's Orbital Flight Test-2, beginning with launch on May 19. 

For more info on OFT-2 and Starliner, visit: boeing.com/starliner

Boeing's Starliner and SpaceX's Crew Dragon spacecraft have been developed and tested to fly astronauts to and from the International Space Station from U.S. soil.

Learn more about NASA’s Commercial Crew Program at:

https://www.nasa.gov/commercialcrew

Credit: Boeing

Duration: 9 minutes, 18 seconds

Release Date: May 10, 2022

#NASA #Space #ISS #Boeing #Spacecraft #Starliner #CST100 #ULA #Rocket #Atlas5 #CommercialCrew #CCP #Test #OFT2 #Astronauts #HumanSpaceflight #Science #Technology #CapeCanaveral #SpaceForce #Spaceport #Florida #LaunchAmerica #UnitedStates #STEM #Education #Timelapse #HD #Video

Samantha & Jessica Talk with AP & ABC News | International Space Station

Samantha & Jessica Talk with AP & ABC News | International Space Station

Aboard the International Space Station, NASA Expedition 67 Flight Engineer Jessica Watkins and European Space Agency (ESA) astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti discussed living and working in space during an in-flight interview May 10, 2022, with the Associated Press (AP) and ABC News. Watkins and Cristoforetti are in the midst of a six-month long mission living and working aboard the microgravity laboratory to advance scientific knowledge and demonstrate new technologies for future human and robotic exploration missions as part of NASA’s Moon and Mars exploration approach, including lunar missions through NASA’s Artemis program. 

An international partnership of space agencies provides and operates the elements of the International Space Station (ISS). The principals are the space agencies of the United States, Russia, Europe, Japan, and Canada. The ISS has been the most politically complex space exploration program ever undertaken.

Samantha Cristoforetti's Biography (ESA)

https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Human_and_Robotic_Exploration/Astronauts/Samantha_Cristoforetti

Jessica Watkins' Biography (NASA)

https://www.nasa.gov/astronauts/biographies/jessica-watkins/biography

Credit: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

Duration: 19 minutes

Release Date: May 10, 2022

#NASA #ESA #ISS #Earth #Artemis #Moon #Mars #JourneyToMars #Science #Astronaut #Astronauts #FlightEngineers #JessicaWatkins #SamanthaCristoforetti #Minerva #Italy #Italia #Human #Spaceflight #UnitedStates #Europe #AssociatedPress #ABCNews #STEM #Education #HD #Video

European Space Agency Astronaut Matthias Maurer Returns to Germany

European Space Agency Astronaut Matthias Maurer Returns to Germany

European Space Agency astronaut Matthias Maurer is back in Cologne, Germany, after 177 days in space and 175 days aboard the International Space Station for his first mission ‘Cosmic Kiss’.

The Crew Dragon spacecraft carrying Matthias and his Crew-3 crewmates, NASA astronauts Raja Chari, Thomas Marshburn and Kayla Barron, splashed down in the Gulf of Mexico off the coast of Tampa, Florida, USA on Friday, May 6, 2022. The journey from the International Space Station to splashdown took just over 23 hours.

After its water landing, the SpaceX Crew Dragon spacecraft was hoisted aboard a recovery boat where the hatch was opened, and the astronauts were welcomed home.

Matthias underwent initial medical checks aboard the boat before being flown by helicopter to shore and boarding a plane to Cologne. He will spend the next weeks participating in debriefings, providing samples for scientific evaluation and readapting to Earth’s gravity at ESA’s European Astronaut Centre (EAC) and the German Aerospace Centre’s (DLR) ‘Envihab’ facility.

Learn more about Matthias' Cosmic Kiss Mission:

https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Human_and_Robotic_Exploration/Cosmic_kiss   

Astronaut Matthia Maurer Offical ESA Biography:

https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Human_and_Robotic_Exploration/Astronauts/Matthias_Maurer

Credit: ESA - P. Sebirot

Image Date: May 7, 2022

#NASA #ESA #ISS #SpaceX #Endurance #Crew3 #Spacecraft #Earth #Florida #GulfofMexico #Astronaut #MattheusMaurer #DLR #Germany #Deutschland #CosmicKiss #FlightEngineer #HumanSpaceflight #Science #Technology #Research #Europe #UnitedStates #STEM #Education

Hubble's Field Guide to Galaxies | NASA Goddard

Hubble's Field Guide to Galaxies | NASA Goddard

Galaxies are the visible foundation of the universe; each one a collection of stars, planets, gas, dust, and dark matter held together by gravity. Hubble’s observations give us insight into how galaxies form, grow, and evolve through time. 

Hubble’s namesake, astronomer Edwin Hubble, pioneered the study of galaxies based simply on their appearance. He divided galaxies into three basic forms.

This “Field Guide” will quickly teach you those three basic forms, and some new ones that astronomers have added over the years!

For more information, visit https://nasa.gov/hubble. 

Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center 

Miranda Chabot: Lead Producer

Andrea Gianopoulos: Lead Writer

Additional Credits:

Images of Edwin Hubble via Edwin P. Hubble Papers of the Huntington Library, San Mario, California.

Music Credits: 

“Gravity Cruise - Underscore” by Jon Buster Cottam [PRS], and Samuel William John Walker [PRS] via Ninja Tune Production Music, and Universal Production Music

Duration: 3 minutes, 52 seconds

Release Date: May 9, 2022

#NASA #Hubble #Astronomy #Space #EdwinHubble #Science #Stars #Galaxies #Astrophysics #Cosmos #Universe #Telescope #ESA #Europe #Goddard #GSFC #STScI #UnitedStates #History #STEM #Education #HD #Video

NASA Astronaut Jessica Watkin's View of Earth | International Space Station

NASA Astronaut Jessica Watkin's View of Earth | International Space Station

NASA astronaut Jessica Watkins floats in the International Space Station’s cupola, a direct nadir viewing window from which Earth and celestial objects are visible.

Watkins reported for duty in August 2017 and completed two years of training as an astronaut candidate.  Her astronaut candidate training included scientific and technical briefings, intensive instruction in space station's systems, spacewalks, robotics, physiological training, T-38 flight training, water and wilderness survival training, geology training, and expeditionary skills training.

Watkins also served as an aquanaut crew member in the Aquarius underwater habitat for the NASA Extreme Environment Mission Operations, or NEEMO, 23 mission in 2019.

Watkins is currently serving as a mission specialist on NASA’s SpaceX Crew-4 mission to the International Space Station, which launched on April 27, 2022.

Jessica Watkins Official NASA Biography:

https://www.nasa.gov/astronauts/biographies/jessica-watkins/biography/

Image Credit: NASA

Release Date: May 9, 2022

#NASA #Space #ISS #Earth #Science #Cupola #Astronaut #JessicaWatkins #Geologist #Geology #Human #Spaceflight #AfricanAmerican #Woman #Leader #Pioneer #UnitedStates #OverviewEffect #STEM #Education

NASA's Psyche Asteroid Mission Spacecraft at Kennedy Space Center

 NASA's Psyche Asteroid Mission Spacecraft at Kennedy Space Center

Mission Launch Expected: August 2022

Since its arrival on April 29, 2022, on a U.S. Air Force C-17 Globemaster III large military transport aircraft, the Psyche spacecraft has moved into the Payload Hazardous Servicing Facility at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, where technicians removed it from its protective shipping container, rotated it to vertical, and have begun the final steps to prepare the spacecraft for launch. In the coming months, crews will perform a range of work including re-installing its solar arrays, re-integrating a radio, testing the telecommunications system, loading propellants, and encapsulating the spacecraft inside payload fairings before it leaves the facility and moves to the launch pad.

The Psyche spacecraft will explore a metal-rich asteroid between Mars and Jupiter, made largely of nickel-iron metal. The mission is targeting an Aug. 1, 2022 launch atop a SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket from Launch Complex 39A at Kennedy. After arriving in 2026, the spacecraft will spend 21 months orbiting its namesake asteroid, mapping and gathering data, potentially providing insights on how planets with a metal core, including Earth, formed. The spacecraft will use solar-electric propulsion to travel approximately 1.5 billion miles to rendezvous with its namesake asteroid in 2026. 

The Psyche mission is led by Arizona State University (ASU). NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, which is managed for the agency by Caltech in Pasadena, California, is responsible for the mission’s overall management, system engineering, integration and testing, and mission operations. Maxar Technologies in Palo Alto, California, provided the high-power solar electric propulsion spacecraft chassis. NASA’s Launch Services Program (LSP), based at Kennedy, is managing the launch. Psyche will be the 14th mission in the agency's Discovery program and LSP’s 100th primary mission.

For more information about NASA’s Psyche mission go to: 

nasa.gov/psyche and psyche.asu.edu

Image Credit: NASA/Isaac Watson/Kim Shiflett

Image Dates: April 29-May 3, 2022

#NASA #Astronomy #Space #Asteroid #Science #Psyche #Spacecraft #Solar #Arrays #MaxarTechnologies #ElectricPropulsion #Maxar #Technology #Earth #Planets #Geology #SolarSystem #Exploration #JPL #Caltech #Pasadena #California #Arizona #ASU #UnitedStates #STEM #Education

Comparison: New James Webb Space Telescope vs. Spitzer Space Telescope

Comparison: New James Webb Space Telescope vs. Spitzer Space Telescope

The James Webb Space Telescope is aligned across all four of its science instruments, as seen in a previous engineering image showing the observatory’s full field of view. Now, we take a closer look at that same image, focusing on Webb’s coldest instrument: the Mid-Infrared Instrument, or MIRI.

The MIRI test image (at 7.7 microns) shows part of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). This small satellite galaxy of the Milky Way provided a dense star field to test Webb’s performance.

Here, a close-up of the MIRI image is compared to a past image of the same target taken with NASA’s Spitzer Space Telescope’s Infrared Array Camera (at 8.0 microns). The retired Spitzer was the first observatory to provide high-resolution images of the near- and mid-infrared Universe. The Spitzer Space Telescope was launched in 2003 and science operations ended in 2020. Webb, by virtue of its significantly larger primary mirror and improved detectors, will allow us to see the infrared sky with improved clarity, enabling even more discoveries. 

For example, Webb’s MIRI image shows the interstellar gas in unprecedented detail. Here, you can see the emission from ‘polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons’—molecules of carbon and hydrogen that play an important role in the thermal balance and chemistry of interstellar gas. When Webb is ready to begin science observations, studies such as these with MIRI will help give astronomers new insights into the birth of stars and protoplanetary systems.

In the meantime, the Webb team has begun the process of setting up and testing Webb’s instruments to begin science observations this summer. NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope is now experiencing all seasons—from hot to cold—as it undergoes the thermal stability test. Meanwhile, activities are underway for the final phase of commissioning: digging into the details of the science instruments, the heart of Webb. To complete commissioning, we will measure the detailed performance of the science instruments before we start routine science operations in the summer.

Webb is an international partnership between NASA, the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA). MIRI is part of Europe’s contribution to the Webb mission. It is a partnership between Europe and the USA; the main partners are ESA, a consortium of nationally funded European institutes, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC).

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech and NASA/ESA/CSA/STScI

Release Date: May 9, 2022

#NASA #Astronomy #Space #Science #Telescope #JWST #JamesWebb #Spitzer #Infrared #LMS #MagellanicCloud #Galaxy #Galaxies #Stars #Exoplanets #Planets #SolarSystem #Astrophysics #Cosmos #Universe #ESA #CSA #Goddard #GSFC #JSC #Testing #UnitedStates #STScI #STEM #Education

A Supernova Remnant | Hubble

A Supernova Remnant | Hubble

This image from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope shows the tattered remnant of a supernova—a titanic explosion marking the end of the life of a dying star. This object—known as DEM L249—is thought to have been created by a Type 1a supernova during the death throes of a white dwarf. While white dwarfs are usually stable, they can slowly accrue matter if they are part of a binary star system. This accretion of matter continues until the white dwarf reaches a critical mass and undergoes a catastrophic supernova explosion, ejecting a vast amount of material into space in the process.

DEM L249 lies in the constellation Mensa and is within the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), a small satellite galaxy of the Milky Way only 160,000 light-years from Earth. The LMC is an ideal natural laboratory where astronomers can study the births, lives, and deaths of stars, as this region is nearby, oriented towards Earth, and contains relatively little light-absorbing interstellar dust. The data in this image were gathered by Hubble’s Wide Field Camera 3 instrument, and were obtained during a systematic search of the LMC for the surviving companions of white dwarf stars which have gone supernova.

Credit: European Space Agency (ESA)/Hubble & NASA, Y. Chu

Release Date: May 9, 2022

#NASA #Hubble #Astronomy #Space #Science #Star #WhiteDwarf #DEML249 #Supernova #Mensa #Constellation #LMC #MagellanicCloud #Astrophysics #Cosmos #Universe #Telescope #ESA #Europe #Goddard #GSFC #STScI #UnitedStates #STEM #Education