The Crab Nebula: Wide View | European Southern Observatory

The Crab Nebula: Wide View | European Southern Observatory

The Crab Nebula, which also goes by the names Messier 1, NGC 1952 and Taurus A, is one of the best studied astronomical objects in the sky. It is the remnant of a supernova explosion which was observed by Chinese astronomers in 1054. The tangled filaments visible in this image are the remains of the exploded star, which are still expanding outwards at about 1500 kilometers per second.

Although not visible to the naked eye due to foreground filaments of helium and hydrogen the heart of the nebula hosts two faint stars. It is one of these that is responsible for the nebula that we see today—a star that is known as the Crab Pulsar, or CM Tau. This is the small, dense, corpse of the original star that caused the supernova. It is now only about 20 kilometers in diameter and rotates around its axis 30 times every second!

The star emits pulses of radiation in all wavelengths, ranging from gamma rays—for which it is one of the brightest sources in the sky—to radio waves. The radiation from the star is so strong that it is creating a wave of material that is deforming the inner parts of the nebula. The appearance of these structures changes so fast that astronomers can actually observe how they reshape. This provides a rare opportunity as cosmic timescales are usually much too long for change to be observed to this extent.

The data from the Wide Field Imager on the MPG/ESO 2.2-meter telescope at the European Southern Observatory’s La Silla Observatory in Chile used to make this image were selected from our archive by Manu Mejias as part of the Hidden Treasures competition.

Credit: European Southern Observatory (ESO)/Manu Mejias

Release Date: June 8, 2015

#NASA #ESO #Astronomy #Space #Hubble #NeutronStar #CMTau #CrabPulsar #Nebula #CrabNebula #NGC1952 #TaurusA #Messier1 #Taurus #Constellation #Cosmos #Universe #Telescope #LaSillaObservatory #Chile #Europe #STEM #Education

The Crab Nebula in Taurus | European Southern Observatory

The Crab Nebula in Taurus | European Southern Observatory

This photo shows a three color composite of the well-known Crab Nebula (also known as Messier 1), as observed with the FORS2 instrument in imaging mode on the morning of November 10, 1999. It is the remnant of a supernova explosion at a distance of about 6,000 light-years, observed almost 1,000 years ago, in the year 1054. It contains a neutron star near its center that spins 30 times per second around its axis (see below).

In this picture, the green light is predominantly produced by hydrogen emission from material ejected by the star that exploded. The blue light is predominantly emitted by very high-energy ("relativistic") electrons that spiral in a large-scale magnetic field (so-called synchrotron emission). It is believed that these electrons are continuously accelerated and ejected by the rapidly spinning neutron star at the center of the nebula and which is the remnant core of the exploded star. This pulsar has been identified with the lower/right of the two close stars near the geometric center of the nebula, immediately left of the small arc-like feature.

Credit: European Southern Observatory (ESO)

Release Date: November 17, 1999

#NASA #ESO #Astronomy #Space #Hubble #NeutronStar #Nebula #CrabNebula #NGC1952 #Messier1 #Taurus #Constellation #Cosmos #Universe #Telescope #FORS2 #Chile #Europe #STEM #Education

A New Image From Our James Webb Space Telescope | This Week @NASA

A New Image From Our James Webb Space Telescope | This Week @NASA 

Week of August 5, 2022: Previewing NASA's Artemis I mission to the Moon, a new image from our James Webb Space Telescope, and an anniversary for one of our explorers on Mars . . . a few of the stories to tell you about–This Week at NASA!

Credit: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

Producer: Andre Valentine

Editor: Lacey Young

Music: Universal Production Music

Duration: 4 minutes

Release Date: August 5, 2022

#NASA #ESA #Astronomy #Space #ArtemisI #JWST #NichelleNichols #CuriosityRover #MSL #Science #JamesWebb #WebbTelescope #Telescope #Cosmos #Universe #UnfoldTheUniverse #Europe #CSA #Canada #Goddard #GSFC #STScI #UnitedStates #STEM #Education #HD #Video

Artemis I Spacecraft Ready for Launch | European Space Agency

Artemis I Spacecraft Ready for Launch | European Space Agency

The European Space Agency (ESA) and NASA’s Artemis I spacecraft is cleared for launch after a series of final tests at NASA's Kennedy Space Center. ESA’s European Service Module (ESM) will provide electrical power and propel the uncrewed Orion capsule in an extended orbit around the Moon, setting the scene for future crewed missions. ESA has already delivered its second ESM for Artemis II and ESA contractor Airbus Defence and Space is currently building its third ESM. Eventually, Artemis III will return astronauts to the lunar surface for the first time in 50 years with the ESM supplying their life support in the form of water, food and oxygen.

In interviews ESA astronaut Andreas Mogensen and ESA’s director of Human and Robotic Exploration David Parker explain why the Artemis missions are so exciting and important for humankind’s exploration of our Universe.

ESA is also making a major contribution to the Gateway including refuelling and habitation modules and enhanced lunar communications. The Gateway will act as a permanently crewed space station in orbit around the Moon, a thousand times further away than the International Space Station from Earth, ushering in a new era of lunar exploration.

Learn more about Artemis: https://bit.ly/Artemis1ESA

Credit: European Space Agency (ESA)

Duration: 3 minutes, 55 seconds

Release Date: August 5, 2022

#NASA #ESA #Space #Moon #MSFC #Artemis #ArtemisI #Orion #Spacecraft #SLS #NASASLS #SpaceLaunchSystem #Rocket #DeepSpace #Astronauts #Mars #MoonToMars #JourneyToMars #Science #Engineering #Technology #Exploration #SolarSystem #UnitedStates #Europe #STEM #Education #HD #Video

NASA Previews Artemis I Moon Mission

NASA Previews Artemis I Moon Mission

Mission experts for NASA's Artemis I mission around the Moon reviewed the details and mission timeline—from pre-launch to splashdown—of the four-to-six-week flight test that will demonstrate the capabilities of the Space Launch System (SLS) Moon rocket and Orion capsule. 

Briefing participants:

• Debbie Korth, Orion program deputy manager, NASA Johnson

• Rick LaBrode, lead Artemis I flight director, NASA Johnson

• Judd Frieling, Artemis I ascent/entry flight director, NASA Johnson

• Melissa Jones, Artemis I recovery director, NASA Kennedy

• Reid Wiseman, chief astronaut, NASA Johnson

• Philippe Deloo, Orion European Service Module program manager, ESA (European Space Agency)

Currently targeted to launch no earlier than Monday, Aug. 29, 2022, the SLS rocket will send the uncrewed Orion spacecraft around the Moon and back to Earth to check out spacecraft systems before crew fly aboard on Artemis II. The Artemis I mission is one more step toward taking the next giant leap: sending the first astronauts to Mars.

More info on this historic mission: https://nasa.gov/specials/artemis-i

Credit: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

Duration: 1 hour, 33 minutes

Release Date: August 5, 2022

#NASA #ESA #Space #Moon #MSFC #Artemis #ArtemisI #Orion #Spacecraft #SLS #NASASLS #SpaceLaunchSystem #Rocket #DeepSpace #Astronauts #Mars #MoonToMars #JourneyToMars #Science #Engineering #Technology #Exploration #SolarSystem #UnitedStates #Europe #STEM #Education #HD #Video

NASA’s Curiosity Rover Turns 10: Here’s What It’s Learned

NASA’s Curiosity Rover Turns 10: Here’s What It’s Learned 

Mars News Report Aug. 5, 2022: NASA’s Curiosity Mars rover set out to answer a big question when it landed on the Red Planet 10 years ago: Could Mars have supported ancient life? Scientists have discovered the answer is yes and have been working to learn more about the planet’s past habitable environment.

In this Mars Report, Curiosity Deputy Project Scientist Abigail Fraeman provides an update on the rover’s capabilities a decade after landing in Gale Crater. Now, Curiosity is heading to an area that may help answer how long ancient life could have persisted on the Red Planet as Mars went through significant changes in the climate.

Some of the images in this video include color enhancement that exaggerate small changes in color from place to place in the Martian scene. This makes it easier for the science team to use their everyday experience to interpret the landscape. For instance, the sky on Mars would not actually look blue to a human explorer on the Red Planet, but pinkish.

For more information on NASA's Mars missions, visit mars.nasa.gov

Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASU/MSSS/JHU-APL

Duration: 3 minutes, 41 seconds

Release Date: August 5, 2022

#NASA #Space #Astronomy #Science #Mars #RedPlanet #Planet #Astrobiology #Geology #Environment #Climate #TenthAnniversary #MountSharp #GaleCrater #Curiosity #Rover #MSL #Robotics #Technology #JPL #California #UnitedStates #JourneyToMars #STEM #Education #HD #Video

Crab Nebula: Multiwavelength Structure of a Pulsar Wind Nebula | Hubble & More

Crab Nebula: Multiwavelength Structure of a Pulsar Wind Nebula | Hubble & More

This visualization features a three-dimensional multiwavelength representation of the Crab Nebula, a pulsar wind nebula that is the remains of an exploded star. This video is based on images from NASA’s three Great Observatories: the Chandra X-ray Observatory and the Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescopes.

The video begins by showing the Crab Nebula in context, pinpointing the location of the observed supernova in the constellation Taurus. This view zooms in to present the Hubble, Spitzer, and Chandra images of the Crab Nebula, each highlighting one of the nested structures in the system.

The video then begins a slow buildup of the three-dimensional X-ray structure, showing the pulsar and disk of energized material, and adding jets of particles firing off from opposite sides of the energetic dynamo.

Appearing next is a rotating infrared view of a glowing cloud of emission, called synchrotron radiation, enveloping the pulsar system. This distinctive form of radiation occurs when streams of charged particles spiral around the pulsar’s magnetic field lines.

The visible-light outer shell of the Crab Nebula appears next. Looking like a cage around the entire system, this shell of glowing gas consists of tentacle-shaped filaments of ionized oxygen. The tsunami of particles unleashed by the pulsar is pushing on this expanding debris cloud like an animal rattling its cage.

The X-ray, infrared, and visible-light models are combined at the end of the video to reveal both a rotating three-dimensional multiwavelength view and the corresponding two-dimensional multiwavelength image of the Crab Nebula.

Credit: NASA, ESA, F. Summers, J. Olmsted, L. Hustak, J. DePasquale, G. Bacon (STScI), N. Wolk (CfA|H&S/CXC), R. Hurt (Caltech/IPAC)

Duration: 3 minutes, 43 seconds

Release Date: January 5, 2020

#NASA #ESA #Astronomy #Space #Hubble #Star #NeutronStar #Nebula #SupernovaRemnant #CrabNebula #NGC1952 #Taurus #Constellation #Cosmos #Universe #SpaceTelescope #Chandra #Spitzer #SpaceTelescope #GSFC #STScI #UnitedStates #Europe #STEM #Education #Visualization #HD #Video

The Crab Nebula: Multiwavelength View | Hubble

The Crab Nebula: Multiwavelength View | Hubble

Astronomers have produced a highly detailed image of the Crab Nebula, by combining data from telescopes spanning nearly the entire breadth of the electromagnetic spectrum, from radio waves seen by the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) to the powerful X-ray glow as seen by the orbiting Chandra X-ray Observatory. And, in between that range of wavelengths, the Hubble Space Telescope's crisp visible-light view, and the infrared perspective of the Spitzer Space Telescope.

The Crab Nebula, the result of a bright supernova explosion seen by Chinese and other astronomers in the year 1054, is 6,500 light-years from Earth. At its center is a super-dense neutron star, rotating once every 33 milliseconds, shooting out rotating lighthouse-like beams of radio waves and light — a pulsar (the bright dot at image center). The nebula's intricate shape is caused by a complex interplay of the pulsar, a fast-moving wind of particles coming from the pulsar, and material originally ejected by the supernova explosion and by the star itself before the explosion.

This image combines data from five different telescopes: the VLA (radio) in red; Spitzer Space Telescope (infrared) in yellow; Hubble Space Telescope (visible) in green; XMM-Newton (ultraviolet) in blue; and Chandra X-ray Observatory (X-ray) in purple.

The new VLA, Hubble, and Chandra observations all were made at nearly the same time in November 2012. A team of scientists led by Gloria Dubner of the Institute of Astronomy and Physics (IAFE), the National Council of Scientific Research (CONICET), and the University of Buenos Aires in Argentina then made a thorough analysis of the newly revealed details in a quest to gain new insights into the complex physics of the object. They are reporting their findings in the Astrophysical Journal.

"Comparing these new images, made at different wavelengths, is providing us with a wealth of new detail about the Crab Nebula. Though the Crab has been studied extensively for years, we still have much to learn about it," Dubner said.

The Hubble Space Telescope is a project of international cooperation between NASA and ESA (European Space Agency). NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, manages the telescope. The Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) in Baltimore conducts Hubble science operations. STScI is operated for NASA by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., in Washington, D.C.

NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, manages the Chandra program for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate in Washington, D.C. The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory in Cambridge, Massachusetts, controls Chandra’s science and flight operations.

NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, manages the Spitzer Space Telescope for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C. Science operations are conducted at the Spitzer Science Center at Caltech in Pasadena, California. Spacecraft operations are based at Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company, Littleton, Colorado. Data are archived at the Infrared Science Archive housed at the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center at Caltech. Caltech manages JPL for NASA.

The National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) is a facility of the National Science Foundation, operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc.

Credits: NASA, European Space Agency, G. Dubner (IAFE, CONICET-University of Buenos Aires) et al.; A. Loll et al.; T. Temim et al.; F. Seward et al.; VLA/NRAO/AUI/NSF; Chandra/CXC; Spitzer/JPL-Caltech; XMM-Newton/ESA; and Hubble/STScI

Release Date: May 10, 2017

#NASA #ESA #Astronomy #Space #Hubble #Nebula #CrabNebula #NGC1952 #Taurus #Constellation #Cosmos #Universe #Chandra #Spitzer #VLA #XMMNewton #SpaceTelescope #GSFC #STScI #UnitedStates #Europe #STEM #Education

Zoom into The Crab Nebula: Detailed View | Hubble

Zoom into The Crab Nebula: Detailed View | Hubble

This video zooms in on a detailed Crab Nebula image—one of the largest ever taken with Hubble's WFPC2 camera. It was assembled from 24 individual exposures taken with the NASA/European Space Agency Hubble Space Telescope and was the highest resolution image of the entire Crab Nebula ever made in 2005.

Distance: 6,500 light years

Credit: NASA, European Space Agency, and G. Bacon of the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI)

Release Date: December 31, 2014

Duration: 30 seconds

#NASA #ESA #Astronomy #Space #Hubble #Star #NeutronStar #Nebula #SupernovaRemnant #CrabNebula #NGC1952 #Taurus #Constellation #Cosmos #Universe #SpaceTelescope #GSFC #STScI #UnitedStates #Europe #STEM #Education #HD #Video

The Crab Nebula: Detailed View | Hubble

The Crab Nebula: Detailed View | Hubble

This Hubble image provides a highly detailed view of the entire Crab Nebula. The Crab is among the most interesting and well studied objects in astronomy. The Crab is among the most interesting and well studied objects in astronomy.

This image is one of the largest ever taken with Hubble's WFPC2 camera. It was assembled from 24 individual exposures taken with the NASA/European Space Agency Hubble Space Telescope and was the highest resolution image of the entire Crab Nebula ever made in 2005.

Credit: NASA, European Space Agency and Allison Loll/Jeff Hester (Arizona State University) Acknowledgement: Davide De Martin (ESA/Hubble)

Release Date: December 1, 2005

#NASA #ESA #Astronomy #Space #Hubble #Star #NeutronStar #Nebula #CrabNebula #NGC1952 #Taurus #Constellation #Cosmos #Universe #SpaceTelescope #GSFC #STScI #UnitedStates #Europe #STEM #Education

Zooming in on The Crab Nebula | Hubble

Zooming in on The Crab Nebula | Hubble

This video zooms into part of the sky in the constellation of Taurus (The Bull) ending on the inner parts of the famous Crab Nebula, a supernova remnant.

Distance: 6,500 light years

Credit: European Space Agency/Hubble, Digitized Sky Survey, Nick Risinger

Music: Johan Monell

Release Date: July 7, 2016

#NASA #ESA #Astronomy #Space #Hubble #Star #NeutronStar #Nebula #SupernovaRemnant #CrabNebula #NGC1952 #Taurus #Constellation #Cosmos #Universe #SpaceTelescope #GSFC #STScI #UnitedStates #Europe #STEM #Education #HD #Video

Moving Heart of The Crab Nebula | Hubble

Moving Heart of The Crab Nebula | Hubble

While many other images of the famous Crab Nebula have focused on the filaments in the outer part of the nebula, this image shows the very heart of the Crab Nebula including the central neutron star—it is the rightmost of the two bright stars near the center of this image.

The rapid motion of the material nearest to the central star is revealed by the subtle rainbow of colors in this time-lapse image, the rainbow effect being due to the movement of material over the time between one image and another.

Credit: European Space Agency/Hubble & NASA

Acknowledgement: Mahdi Zamani

Release Date: July 7, 2016

#NASA #ESA #Astronomy #Space #Hubble #Star #NeutronStar #Nebula #CrabNebula #NGC1952 #Taurus #Constellation #Cosmos #Universe #SpaceTelescope #GSFC #STScI #UnitedStates #Europe #STEM #Education

NASA's Space to Ground: The Gateway Connection | Week of August 5, 2022

NASA's Space to Ground: The Gateway Connection | Week of August 5, 2022

NASA's Space to Ground is your weekly update on what's happening aboard the International Space Station. 

NASA's Gateway Program: 

https://www.nasa.gov/gateway

Learn more about the important research being operated on Station:

https://www.nasa.gov/iss-science 

For more information about STEM on Station:

https://www.nasa.gov/stemonstation

Science, Technology, Engineering, Math (STEM)

Credit: NASA's Johnson Space Center (JSC)

Release Date: August 5, 2022

Duration: 10 minutes, 16 seconds

#NASA #Space #Earth #ISS #Aretmis #Moon #Gateway #SpaceXCrew5 #SpaceX #Astronauts #Research #Laboratory #Science #Technology #HumanSpaceflight #Europe #Russia #Россия #Japan #日本 #Canada #UnitedStates #Expedition67 #STEM #Education #HD #Video

Panning across The Skull & Crossbones Nebula | ESO

Panning across The Skull & Crossbones Nebula | ESO

This pan video explores a vivid active star forming region—NGC 2467, otherwise known as the Skull and Crossbones Nebula. This image of dust, gas and bright young stars, gravitationally bound into the form of a grinning skull, was captured with the FORS instrument on the European Southern Observatory’s Very Large Telescope (VLT). Whilst ESO’s telescopes are usually used for the collection of science data, their immense resolving power makes them ideal for capturing images such as this—which are beautiful for their own sake.

Distance: 4,500 light years

Credit: European Southern Observatory (ESO)

Duration: 25 seconds

Release Date: November 7, 2018

#NASA #ESO #Astronomy #Space #Stars #Nebula #SkullCrossbonesNebula #NGC2467 #Puppis #Constellation #Cosmos #Universe #Telescope #VLT #Chile #Europe #STEM #Education #HD #Video

Zooming in on The Skull & Crossbones Nebula | ESO

Zooming in on The Skull & Crossbones Nebula | ESO

This zoom video starts with a wide view of the Milky Way and ends with a close-up look at a vivid picture of an active star forming region—NGC 2467, otherwise known as the Skull and Crossbones Nebula. This image of dust, gas and bright young stars, gravitationally bound into the form of a grinning skull, was captured with the FORS instrument on the European Southern Observatory’s Very Large Telescope (VLT). Whilst ESO’s telescopes are usually used for the collection of science data, their immense resolving power makes them ideal for capturing images such as this— which are beautiful for their own sake.

Distance: 4,500 light years

Credit:  European Southern Observatory/Digitized Sky Survey 2/N. Risinger

Music: astral electronic

Duration: 50 seconds

Release Date: November 7, 2018

#NASA #ESO #Astronomy #Space #Stars #Nebula #SkullCrossbonesNebula #NGC2467 #Puppis #Constellation #Cosmos #Universe #Telescope #VLT #Chile #Europe #STEM #Education #HD #Video

The Skull & Crossbones Nebula | ESO

The Skull & Crossbones Nebula | ESO

This vivid picture of an active star forming region—NGC 2467, otherwise known as the Skull and Crossbones Nebula—is as sinister as it is beautiful. This image of dust, gas and bright young stars, gravitationally bound into the form of a grinning skull, was captured with the FORS instrument on the European Southern Observatory’s Very Large Telescope (VLT). Whilst ESO’s telescopes are usually used for the collection of science data, their immense resolving power makes them ideal for capturing images such as this—which are beautiful for their own sake.

Credit: European Southern Observatory (ESO)

Release Date: October 24, 2018

#NASA #ESO #Astronomy #Space #Stars #Nebula #SkullCrossbonesNebula #NGC2467 #Puppis #Constellation #Cosmos #Universe #Telescope #VLT #Chile #Europe #STEM #Education