Friends of NASA

Monday, August 22, 2022

A Newborn Star: Radio and Visible Light Observations | ESO

A Newborn Star: Radio and Visible Light Observations | ESO

This unprecedented image of Herbig-Haro object HH 46/47 combines radio observations acquired with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) with much shorter wavelength visible light observations from ESO’s New Technology Telescope (NTT). The ALMA observations (orange and green, lower right) of the newborn star reveal a large energetic jet moving away from us, which in the visible is hidden by dust and gas. To the left (in pink and purple) the visible part of the jet is seen, streaming partly towards us.

Distance: 1,400 light years

Credit: European Southern Observatory (ESO)/ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO)/H. Arce.

Acknowledgements: Bo Reipurth

Release Date: August 20, 2013

#NASA #ESO #Astronomy #Space #Science #Stars #StarFormation #HH4647 #HerbigHaroObject #Vela #Constellation #MilkyWay #Galaxy #Cosmos #Universe #NTTTelescope #ParanalObservatory #Chile #ALMA #NRAO #UnitedStates #NAOJ #Japan #Europe #STEM #Education

A Marvel of Galactic Morphology: NGC 1156 | Hubble

A Marvel of Galactic Morphology: NGC 1156 | Hubble

This galaxy has a shape unlike many of the galaxies familiar to Hubble. Its thousands of bright stars evoke a spiral galaxy, but it lacks the characteristic ‘winding’ structure. The shining red blossoms stand out as well, twisted by clouds of dust—these are the locations of intense star formation. Yet it also radiates a diffuse glow, much like an elliptical galaxy and its core of older, redder stars. This galactic marvel is known to astronomers as NGC 1156.

NGC 1156 is located around 25 million light-years from Earth, in the constellation Aries. It has a variety of different features that are of interest to astronomers. A dwarf irregular galaxy, it is also classified as isolated, meaning no other galaxies are nearby enough to influence its odd shape and continuing star formation. The extreme energy of freshly formed young stars gives color to the galaxy, against the red glow of ionized hydrogen gas, while its center is densely-packed with older generations of stars.

Hubble has captured NGC 1156 before—this new image features data from a galactic gap-filling program simply titled “Every Known Nearby Galaxy”. Astronomers noticed that only three quarters of the galaxies within just over 30 million light-years of Earth had been observed by Hubble in sufficient detail to study the makeup of the stars within them. They proposed that in between larger projects, Hubble could take snapshots of the remaining quarter—including NGC 1156. Gap-filling programs like this one ensure that the best use is made of Hubble’s valuable observing time.

Credit: European Space Agency (ESA)/Hubble & NASA, R. B. Tully, R. Jansen, R. Windhorst

Release Date: August 22, 2022

#NASA #ESA #Hubble #Astronomy #Space #Science #Stars #Galaxy #NGC1156 #Aries #Constellation #MilkyWay #Galaxy #Cosmos #Universe #SpaceTelescope #GSFC #STScI #UnitedStates #Europe #STEM #Education

Sunday, August 21, 2022

Ghostly Reflections in The Pleiades | Hubble

Ghostly Reflections in The Pleiades | Hubble

The Hubble Space Telescope has caught the eerie, wispy tendrils of a dark interstellar cloud being destroyed by the passage of one of the brightest stars in the Pleiades star cluster. Like a flashlight beam shining off the wall of a cave, the star is reflecting light off the surface of pitch black clouds of cold gas laced with dust. These are called reflection nebulae.

This image shows a dark interstellar cloud ravaged by the passage of Merope, one of the brightest stars in the Pleiades star cluster. Just as a torch beam bounces off the wall of a cave, the star is reflecting light from the surface of pitch-black clouds of cold gas laced with dust. As the nebula approaches Merope, the strong starlight shining on the dust decelerates the dust particles. The nebula is drifting through the cluster at a relative speed of roughly 11 kilometers per second.

Distance: 450 light years

Credit: NASA/European Space Agency (ESA) and The Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA), George Herbig and Theodore Simon (University of Hawaii).

Release Date: December 6, 2000

#NASA #ESA #Astronomy #Space #Hubble #Star #Merope #ReflectionNebula #Nebula #Taurus #Constellation #MilkyWay #Galaxy #Cosmos #Universe #SpaceTelescope #GSFC #STScI #AURA #UnitedStates #Europe #STEM #Education

Artist’s Impression of a Herbig-Haro Object | European Space Agency

Artist’s Impression of a Herbig-Haro Object | European Space Agency

This artist's concept of a Herbig-Haro object shows a jet coming from a young star. Images taken over two decades with the NASA/European Space Agency Hubble Space Telescope have captured the motion of these jets, showing the matter moving over time. This artist's impression shows how the stellar outflows might look over a period of many centuries.

Credit: European Space Agency (ESA)/Hubble (M. Kornmesser)

Duration: 36 seconds

Release Date: February 17, 2016

#NASA #ESA #Hubble #Astronomy #Space #Science #Stars #Gas #Jets #HerbigHaroObjects #HH #MilkyWay #Galaxy #Cosmos #Universe #Astrophysics #Heliophysics #SpaceTelescope #GSFC #STScI #UnitedStates #Europe #Illustration #Art #Artists #STEM #Education

Tantrums of a Baby Star | Hubble

Tantrums of a Baby Star | Hubble

Herbig-Haro objects are some of the rarer sights in the night sky, taking the form of thin spindly jets of matter floating amongst the surrounding gas and stars. The two Herbig-Haro objects cataloged as HH46 and HH47, seen in this image taken with the NASA/European Space Agency Hubble Space Telescope, were spotted in the constellation of Vela (The Sails), at a distance of over 1,400 light-years from Earth. Prior to its discovery in 1977 by the American astronomer R. D. Schwartz, the exact mechanism by which these multi-colored objects formed was unknown.

Before 1997 it was theorized by Schwartz and others that the objects could be a type of reflection nebula, or a type of shock wave formed from the gas emitted from a star interacting with the surrounding matter. The mystery was finally solved when a protostar, unseen in this image, was discovered at the center of the long jets of matter. The outflows of matter, some 10 light-years across, were ejected from the newly born star and violently propelled outwards at speeds of over 150 kilometers per second. Upon reaching the surrounding gas, the collision created the bright shock waves seen here.

Distance: 1,400 light years

Credit: European Space Agency (ESA)/Hubble & NASA, B. Nisini

Release Date: February 15, 2021

#NASA #ESA #Hubble #Astronomy #Space #Science #Star #Gas #Jets #HerbigHaroObjects #HH46 #HH47 #Vela #Constellation #MilkyWay #Galaxy #Cosmos #Universe #SpaceTelescope #GSFC #STScI #UnitedStates #Europe #STEM #Education

Zooming on Gas Jets from a Young Star in Orion | Hubble

Zooming on Gas Jets from a Young Star in Orion | Hubble

This video begins with a ground-based view of the night sky, before zooming on the knotted clumps of gas that make up the Herbig–Haro object 24, as the NASA/European Space Agency Hubble Space Telescope sees it.

Distance: 1,500 light years

Credit: European Space Agency (ESA)/Hubble, NASA, Digitized Sky Survey, N. Risinger

Duration: 50 seconds

Release Date: December 17, 2015

#NASA #ESA #Hubble #Astronomy #Space #Science #Star #Gas #Jets #HerbigHaroObjects #HH24 #Orion #Constellation #MilkyWay #Galaxy #Cosmos #Universe #SpaceTelescope #GSFC #STScI #UnitedStates #Europe #STEM #Education #HD #Video

Hubble Snaps a Jet Set

Hubble Snaps a Jet Set

An energetic outburst from an infant star streaks across this image from the NASA/European Space Agency Hubble Space Telescope. This stellar tantrum—produced by an extremely young star in the earliest phase of formation —consists of an incandescent jet of gas travelling at supersonic speeds. As the jet collides with material surrounding the still-forming star, the shock heats this material and causes it to glow. The result is the colorfully wispy structures, which astronomers refer to as Herbig–Haro objects, billowing across the lower left of this image.

Herbig–Haro objects are seen to evolve and change significantly over just a few years. This particular object, called HH34, was previously captured by Hubble between 1994 and 2007, and again in glorious detail in 2015. HH34 resides approximately 1,250 light-years from Earth in the Orion Nebula, a large region of star formation visible to the unaided eye. The Orion Nebula is one of the closest sites of widespread star formation to Earth, and as such has been pored over by astronomers in search of insights into how stars and planetary systems are born.

The data in this image are from a set of Hubble observations of four nearby bright jets with the Wide Field Camera 3 taken to help pave the way for future science with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. Webb—which will observe at predominantly infrared wavelengths—will be able to peer into the dusty envelopes surrounding still-forming protostars, revolutionizing the study of jets from these young stars. Hubble’s high-resolution images of HH34 and other jets will help astronomers interpret future observations with Webb.

Credit: European Space Agency (ESA)/Hubble & NASA, B. Nisini

Release Date: March 7, 2022

#NASA #ESA #Hubble #JWST #Astronomy #Space #Science #Star #Gas #Jets #HerbigHaroObjects #HH34 #Orion #Constellation #MilkyWay #Galaxy #Cosmos #Universe #SpaceTelescope #WFC3 #GSFC #STScI #UnitedStates #Europe #STEM #Education

Infant Star’s Artistic Outburst | Hubble

Infant Star’s Artistic Outburst | Hubble

The artistic outburst of an extremely young star, in the earliest phase of formation, is captured in this spectacular image from the NASA/European Space Agency Hubble Space Telescope. The colorful wisps, found in the lower left of the image, are painted onto the sky by a young star cocooned in the partially illuminated cloud of obscuring dust seen to the upper right.

Pictured punching through the enshrouding dust is an extremely hot, blue jet of gas released by the young star. As this jet speeds through space, it collides with cooler surrounding material. The result is the colorful object to the lower left, produced as the cooler material is heated by the jet.

This wispy object is known as HH34 and it is an example of a Herbig–Haro (HH) object. It resides approximately 1,400 light-years away near the Orion Nebula, a large star formation region within the Milky Way. HH objects exist for a cosmically brief time—typically thousands of years—with changes seen in observations taken only a few years apart.

Although the jet extends the entire length between the infant star and HH34, only a fraction of it appears visible. This part of the jet possesses an intricate structure of knots and ripples, thought to be caused by the different outbursts catching up and ramming into each other over time.

Credit: European Space Agency (ESA)/Hubble & NASA

Release Date: December 21, 2015

#NASA #ESA #Hubble #Astronomy #Space #Science #Star #Gas #Jets #HerbigHaroObjects #HH34 #Orion #Constellation #MilkyWay #Galaxy #Cosmos #Universe #SpaceTelescope #GSFC #STScI #UnitedStates #Europe #STEM #Education

Ground-based Wide-field View: Gas Jets from a Young Star in Orion

Ground-based Wide-field View: Gas Jets from a Young Star in Orion

This image shows the Herbig–Haro Object 24 and the surrounding sky as it is seen from the ground.

Credit: NASA, European Space Agency (ESA), Digitized Sky Survey 2

Acknowledgement: Davide De Martin

Release Date: December 17, 2015

#NASA #ESA #Hubble #Astronomy #Space #Science #Star #Gas #Jets #HerbigHaroObject24 #HH24 #Orion #Constellation #MilkyWay #Galaxy #Cosmos #Universe #Telescope #GSFC #STScI #UnitedStates #Europe #STEM #Education

A Cosmic Lightsaber in 3D: Gas Jets from a Young Star in Orion | Hubble

A Cosmic Lightsaber in 3D: Gas Jets from a Young Star in Orion | Hubble

This video envisions a three-dimensional perspective on the Herbig-Haro object as it is seen by the NASA/European Space Agency Hubble Space Telescope.

The sequence starts with a wide-field view covering the vast dark cloud of the Orion B molecular cloud complex and a scattering of stars. As the virtual camera flies into the dark nebula, the stars pass off-screen and the details of the forming stars and their red jets are revealed.

While the central star is hidden, its lightsaber-like jets peak out of the gas and dust. These jets have carved an hourglass-shaped cavity in the near side of the nebula.

The jet from another stellar newborn in this region has created a cylindrical tunnel through the gas extending to the left. Careful study of the Hubble data reveals a few other jets heating and displacing the gas and dust around them.

Credit: NASA, European Space Agency (ESA), G. Bacon, L. Frattare, Z. Levay, and F. Summers (Viz3D Team, STScI)

Acknowledgment: NASA, ESA, Digitized Sky Survey (DSS), STScI/AURA, Palomar/Caltech, UKSTU/AAO, Gemini Observatory/AURA/B. Reipurth, C. Aspin, and T. Rector, the Hubble Heritage (STScI/AURA)/Hubble-Europe (ESA) Collaboration, D. Padgett (GSFC), T. Megeath (University of Toledo), and B. Reipurth (University of Hawaii)

Duration: 30 seconds

Release Date: December 17, 2015

Panning across Gas Jets from a Young Star in Orion | Hubble

Panning across Gas Jets from a Young Star in Orion | Hubble

This video pans over NASA/European Space Agency Hubble Space Telescope observations of the Herbig-Haro object 24. The two energetic jets as well as the dozens of knots of clumped gas are clearly visible.

Credit: European Space Agency/Hubble

Duration: 50 seconds

Release Date: December 17, 2015

A Cosmic Lightsaber: Gas Jets from a Young Star in Orion | Hubble

A Cosmic Lightsaber: Gas Jets from a Young Star in Orion | Hubble

The two lightsabre-like streams crossing the image are jets of energized gas, ejected from the poles of a young star. If the jets collide with the surrounding gas and dust they can clear vast spaces, and create curved shock waves, seen as knotted clumps called Herbig-Haro objects.

Distance: 1,500 light years

Credit: European Space Agency/Hubble & NASA, D. Padgett (GSFC), T. Megeath (University of Toledo), and B. Reipurth (University of Hawaii)

Release Date: December 17, 2015

Exploring the Earth's Beauty | China Space Station

Exploring the Earth's Beauty | China Space Station

Views of Earth 400 km above its surface from the China Space Station released by the China Manned Space Agency on Aug. 19, 2022.

Credit: China Global Television Network (CGTN)

Duration: 2 minutes, 43 seconds

Release Date: August 20, 2022

#NASA #Space #Earth #China #中国 #Shenzhou14 #神舟十四号 #Taikonauts #Astronauts #ChenDong #LiuYang #刘洋 #CaiXuzhe #王亚平 #Tiangong #天宫 #ChinaSpaceStation #CNSA #CMSA #国家航天局 #Science #Technology #Engineering #STEM #Education #International #UNOOSA #UnitedNations #HD #Video

An Orbital Sunrise & Canadarm2 | International Space Station

An Orbital Sunrise & Canadarm2 | International Space Station

An orbital sunrise begins illuminating Earth's atmosphere with the International Space Station's Canadarm2 robotic arm extending from the orbital lab as it soared 260 miles above the Pacific Ocean.

The Mobile Servicing System (MSS), is a robotic system on board the International Space Station (ISS). Launched to the ISS in 2001, it plays a key role in station assembly and maintenance; it moves equipment and supplies around the station, supports astronauts working in space, and services instruments and other payloads attached to the ISS and is used for external maintenance. Astronauts receive specialized training to enable them to perform these functions with the various systems of the MSS.

The MSS is composed of three components:

a) the Space Station Remote Manipulator System (SSRMS), known as Canadarm2.

b) the Mobile Remote Servicer Base System (MBS).

c) the Special Purpose Dexterous Manipulator (SPDM, also known as "Dextre").

Learn more: https://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/iss/canadarm2/

Expedition 67 Crew

Commander Oleg Artemyev (Russia)

Roscosmos Flight Engineers: Denis Matveev and Sergey Korsakov (Russia)

NASA Flight Engineers: Kjell Lindgren, Bob Hines, Jessica Watkins (USA)

European Space Agency (ESA) Flight Engineer: Samantha Cristoforetti (Italy)

An international partnership of space agencies provides and operates the elements of the International Space Station (ISS). The principals are the space agencies of the United States, Russia, Europe, Japan, and Canada. The ISS has been the most politically complex space exploration program ever undertaken.

Learn more about the important research being operated on Station:

https://www.nasa.gov/iss-science

For more information about STEM on Station:

https://www.nasa.gov/stemonstation

Science, Technology, Engineering, Math (STEM) Education

Credit: NASA's Johnson Space Center (JSC)

Image Date: August 18, 2022

#NASA #Space #Earth #Sun #Star #ISS #Sunrise #PacificOcean #Canadarm2 #Robotics #CSA #Astronauts #Europe #Italia #Italy #Canada #Japan #日本 #Russia #Россия #Science #Research #International #Expedition67 #STEM #Education

The Orion Nebula’s Cloudy Secrets | ESO

The Orion Nebula’s Cloudy Secrets | ESO

ESOcast 90 Light: This video takes a quick look at a new image of one of the coolest bits of the night sky—the Orion Nebula. By observing in infrared light the VISTA survey telescope at the European Southern Observatory’s Paranal Observatory in Chile can see through the dust and this allowed astronomers to catalogue nearly 800,000 objects in this region, young stars, strange outflows and very distant galaxies.

Credit: European Southern Observatory (ESO)

Visual Design and Editing: Martin Kornmesser and Luis Calçada

Editing: Herbert Zodet

Web and technical support: Mathias André and Raquel Yumi Shida

Written by: Thomas Barratt, Lauren Fuge, Oana Sandu & Richard Hook

Footage and photos: ESO, G. Hüdepohl, ESO/VISION survey/N. Risinger and B. Tafreshi

Directed by: Herbert Zodet

Executive producer: Lars Lindberg Christensen

Duration: 1 minute, 36 seconds

Release Date: January 4, 2017

#NASA #ESO #Astronomy #Space #Science #Stars #StarFormation #OrionAMolecularCloud #Infrared #Nebula #OrionNebula #Orion #Constellation #MilkyWay #Galaxy #Cosmos #Universe #Telescope #VISTA #ParanalObservatory #Chile #Europe #STEM #Education #HD #Video

Visible/Infrared Comparison Views of The Orion A Molecular Cloud

Visible/Infrared Comparison Views of The Orion A Molecular Cloud

This close-up video sequence gives a detailed look at a new image from the VISTA infrared survey telescope at the European Southern Observatory’s Paranal Observatory in northern Chile. The image is compared with a visible light view of the region from the Digitized Sky Survey 2 (DSS).

This new infrared VISTA image is part of one of the largest infrared high-resolution mosaic of Orion ever created and covers the Orion A molecular cloud, the nearest known massive star factory, lying about 1,350 light-years from Earth. These infrared images reveal many young stars and other objects normally buried deep in the dusty clouds.

Credits: European Southern Observatory (ESO)/VISION survey/Digitized Sky Survey 2

Duration: 2 minutes

Release Date: January 4, 2017

#NASA #ESO #Astronomy #Space #Science #Stars #StarFormation #OrionAMolecularCloud #Infrared #Orion #Constellation #MilkyWay #Galaxy #Cosmos #Universe #Telescope #VISTA #ParanalObservatory #Chile #Europe #STEM #Education #HD #Video

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Monday, August 22, 2022

Sunday, August 21, 2022